A few notes and images. Hopefully to be enlarged upon in due course.
modified 10 June 2025 with images of the Penn Bust
Stanislaw Malachowski (1736 - 1809).
by John Deare (1759 - 98).
Marble Bust.
Modelled in Rome.
1793.
66 x 40 x 34 cms.
Located in The Royal Castle
in Warsaw.
Including here are some notes on John Deare.
For John Deare see - Notes - P. Fogelman, P. Fusco and S. Stock, 'John Deare:
British sculptor in Rome', Sculpture Journal IV, 2000, pp. 85-126.
John Deare (26 October 1759, Liverpool – 17 August 1798,
Rome) was a British neo-classical sculptor. His nephew Joseph (1803-1835) was
also a sculptor.
Son of a jeweller in Liverpool. John Deare in 1777 he
enrolled at the Royal Academy Schools, where he won a gold medal for a Miltonic
subject (1780).
Meanwhile he also served an apprenticeship to the London carver
Thomas Carter from 1776 to 1783, who amongst other worked for Robert Adam. When he completed his apprenticeship he began sculpting as a
freelancer, especially for his Carter as well as for John Bacon (whose work
he admired) and possibly for John Cheere (this needs clarifying).
Independent commissions included the reliefs The
War of Jupiter and the Titans in plaster for Whitton Park's pediment and The
Good Samaritan (post-1782) for the Liverpool Dispensary. Deare was himself
admired by his contemporaries, particularly by Joseph Nollekens.
However, so far his
only surviving early works are those he produced to be made in ceramic by Derby
for clocks by Benjamin Vulliamy.
Deare in Rome 1785 - d.1796)
The Royal Academy gave him a pension for a three year stay
in Rome (on the condition he sent back a work to the RA's annual exhibition),
starting in 1785, where he starting drawing the classical sculpture collections
at (among others) the Villa Albani and the Capitoline Museums, probably joined
the Adamiani sect (insisting God be worshipped naked) and set up an artistic
circle including Robert Fagan, Charles Grignion, Samuel Woodforde and George
Cumberland.
He settled on the Corso and withinn months of his arrival he had produced a relief The Judgement of Jupiter
For his exhibition piece he modelled in plaster The Judgement of
Jupiter (with over 20 figures and emulating history painting of the time, it
was the largest 18th century relief by a British artist) but the Academy argued
with him over its size and it was not sent to London (a marble version,
commissioned by Sir Richard Worsley in 1788, is now in the Los Angeles County
Museum of Art).
His next relief was Edward and Eleanor (drawn from a play by poet James Thomson). He also acted as an agent for Thomas Hope and the Earl of
Bristol in their acquisition of works by his friend John Flaxman and for Henry
Blundell and John Latouche in acquiring works by Canova (all four of whom also
bought works by Deare), and also financed himself on the expiry of his pension
by carving copies of classical sculptures for British Grand Tourists, by
restoring classical sculptures for collectors and by producing chimneypieces
for patrons that included one at Frogmore House for the Prince of Wales
(employing Joseph Gandy and other architects for the latter purpose).
By his death in Rome in 1796 (supposedly after sleeping on a block of
marble hoping for inspiration and catching a chill) Deare had married an
Italian woman, who he left with their children as a widow and for whose benefit
Deare's friends such as Vincenzo Pacetti and Christopher Hewetson posthumously
disposed of his studio contents. Three days after his death he was buried in
Rome Protestant Cemetery.
Some Works.
* The Judgement of Jupiter.
* Edward and Eleanor (1786, marble version of 1790 for Sir
Corbet Corbet now in a private collection).
* Marine Venus, marble relief, purchased in 1787 by Sir
Cecil Bisshop for Parham Park, Sussex, drawing on classical and 16th century
Mannerist sculpture
* Cupid and Psyche, marble (1791) for Thomas Hope (plaster
version, Lyons House, co. Kildare)
* The Landing of Julius Caesar in Britain (1791–4; Stoke
Manor, Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire), the subject chosen by its commissioner
John Penn
* Portrait bust of John Penn (Eton College) another in the Church at Soke Poges, Buckingham.
Classical copies
* Apollo Belvedere, commissioned in 1792 for Attingham by
Lord Berwick
* Faun with a Kid (Prado Museum, Madrid), acquired by Lord
Cloncurry (private collection)
* Bust of Ariadne (c.1789, now in the Capitoline Museum,
Rome), for John Latouche
____________________
for a useful biog of Malachowski see -
Deare’s bust of Stanisław Małachowski differs from other representations, in
particular the painted, likenesses of the Marshal due to the rendering of the
model.
While Johann Baptist von Lampi (portrait of 1791), Antoine-Jean Gros
(1793), François-Xavier Fabre (1794), Josef Grassi (1795) and Marcello
Bacciarelli (several portraits) depicted Małachowski in contemporary attire
with distinctions and wearing a fashionable wig, Deare showed him bareheaded,
with a naked torso.
This type of likeness, a reference to ancient depictions of
outstanding personages, was intended to idealize and glorify the model. Made
during Małachowski’s lifetime, while he was in exile in Italy, the bust, may
have been the model for the sculptor Massimiliano Laboureur, who was
commissioned by Małachowski’s family to make a statue for St. John’s Cathedral
in Warsaw (unveiled in 1830), in which he is depicted in the attire of a Roman
senator, and with features similar to those in the bust.
Signed J. DEARE / Faciebat / Romae / 1793 on back under left
shoulder.
The bust may later have belonged to Michał Ludwik Pac, who
married Małachowski’s niece, Maria Karolina, and subsequently Konstanty
Radziwiłł in Towiany (Lith. Taujenai). From 1926 it was on loan to the Royal
Castle in Warsaw, in the Canaletto Room. In 1939 it was removed by the Germans
and in 1947 returned to the National Museum in Warsaw; since 1984 again part of
the Royal Castle’s collections.
Stanisław Małachowski of the Nałęcz coat of arms
(1736–1809). Marshal of the Four Year Sejm, co-author of the Constitution of 3
May. In the period 1792–5, he lived in exile in Vienna and Florence. In the
years 1807–9 he was President of the Governing Commission and later of the
Senate of the Duchy of Warsaw.
...........................
The Bust of John Penn
Engraving dated 1801, after a drawing by Antonio Tendi.
British Museum
_________________________
A list of works by John Deare culled from the Biographical Dictionary of Sculptors...
rather a lot of untraced works perhaps waiting to be discovered.
No works have been traced made before he went to Rome.
1. Lady Charlotte Burgoyne - Funerary Monument. 1778. Untraced.
2. William Wilson. Funerary Monument Executed in Rome. Tablet inscribed - "an honest, industrious, sober ploughman ..... who
adorned the garden" of the Legards. 1792 - Ganton, East Riding Yorks. Legards of Ganton Hall. - 1586 - 1910.
3. Human skeleton, statuette Statue. c1770. untraced.
4. Bellerophon, model. Statue. 1784. Untraced.
5. Adam and Eve, group Statue. 1792. Untraced.
6. Apollo Belvedere, Statue. 1792-1795. Untraced.
7. Venus de’ Medici, Statue. 1792-1795. Untraced.
8. Faun with a kid (Faunus), small statue nd.
Coll. Cloncurry family.
9. The devil. Bust. 1781. Untraced.
10. A criminal. Bust. c1783. Untraced.
11. Ariadne, after an antique bust in the Capitoline Museum.
Bust. 1789-1790. Untraced.
12. Madame Martinville. Bust. 1789-1790. Untraced.
13. John Penn of Stoke Poges. Bust. 1791-1793. Eton College, Windsor, Berks, library. (see below).
14. Marshal Stanislaus Malachowski. Bust. 1793. National
Museum, Warsaw, Poland.
15. Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex. Bust. (1773 - 1843), c1795. Untraced.
16. Lady Elizabeth Webster. (Lady Holland) Bust. c1795. (Portrait by Romney) Untraced.
17. Description unavailable. Chimneypiece. 1783. Untraced.
18. The seasons, four reliefs for chimneypieces. c1783. Untraced.
19. Chimneypiece with frieze of the nine muses. 1792. For Sir Corbet Corbet (ingamells) private
coll.
20. Chimneypiece. Caesar invading Britain, overmantle relief.
1791-1794 VAM.
21. Description unavailable. Chimneypiece. c1795. Untraced.
22. Two, one with frieze depicting a racehorse, the other
‘mosaic’. Chimneypiece. c1795. untraced.
23. Chimneypiece with festoons and masks. c1795. Royal Coll
(Frogmore, Berks).
24. War of Jupiter and the Titans. 1784. Destroyed.
25. Adam and Eve (The Angels surprising Satan at the ear of
Eve). Relief. c1780. Untraced.
26. The soldiers going to kill Marius in prison, probably a
clay sketch. Relief. c1780. Untraced.
27. The good Samaritan Relief.
post-1782. Untraced.
28. Cupid and Psyche. Relief. c1783. Untraced.
29. Venus reclining on a sea monster with Cupid and a putto
(Marine Venus). Relief. 1787. Parham Park, Pulborough, Sussex.
30. Edward and Eleanor Relief.
1790. private coll.
31. The judgement of Jupiter. Relief. 1788-1790 - Los
Angeles County Museum of Art, Cal M.79.37
32. Cupid and Psyche. Relief. c1791. Lyons Demesne, Co
Kildare.
33. Liberality, supported by justice and fortitude. Relief. 1791. Untraced.
34. Bacchus feeding a panther. Relief. 1790-1792. Art
Institute of Chicago.
35. Hebe feeding the bird of Jupiter. Relief. 1790-1792. Untraced.
36. Apollo with the muse Euterpe (?). Relief. 1790-1795. Untraced.
37. A seated figure; portrait of the Pope; Time ravishing
Youth. Relief. Nd. Untraced.
38. Boys - Relief, nd. Untraced.
39. Spanish coat of arms, design only (?) Miscellaneous. 1783.
Untraced.
40. Crucifix. Miscellaneous. 1784. Untraced.
41. Figures for clocks by Benjamin Vulliamy, models. Miscellaneous.
c1784. Untraced.
42. Virginius and his daughter, cast. 1784. untraced.
43. Venus and Cupid. 1790-1791. untraced.
44. The three graces with the thread of life. c1793. Untraced.
45. Centaur. 1794. Untraced.
46. Antinous? Nd. Untraced.
.jpg)
.jpg)
No comments:
Post a Comment